ISSN print edition: 0366-6352 ISSN electronic edition: 1336-9075 Registr. No.: MK SR 9/7 Published monthly

Current status on cationic and anionic dye removal by using the emerging capacitive deionization process: a mini-review

Archana Patley, Mahendra S. Gaikwad, and Dharm Pal

Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Raipur, Raipur, India

E-mail: mahendra14g@gmail.com

Received: 1 June 2025  Accepted: 13 January 2026

Abstract:

This mini-review presents an overview of cationic and anionic dye removal by capacitive deionization (CDI). CDI is one of the capable technologies for water treatment and desalination. The dye-containing wastewater is also a major environmental issue. Researchers have been more interested in recent years and have reported work on cationic and anionic dye removal using CDI. This mini-review provides an overview of the basic information about dyes, their fundamentals, and the development of electrode materials for CDI. It also discusses the advancement of cationic and anionic dye removal using CDI, the comparative evaluation of CDI performance in various dye removal applications, and the analysis of dyes. The literature indicates that CDI could be an alternative approach and a promising method for removing ionic dyes from aqueous feed. This review also presents the future scope and outlook on dye removal by CDI.

Keywords: Dye-containing wastewater; Electrode materials; CDI process; Dye removal

Full paper is available at www.springerlink.com.

DOI: 10.1007/s11696-026-04679-8

Chemical Papers 80 (5) 4569–4581 (2026)