ISSN print edition: 0366-6352 ISSN electronic edition: 1336-9075 Registr. No.: MK SR 9/7 Published monthly

A synergistic coating for orthopedic implants: combining electrophoretic nanohydroxyapatite and electrospun polymer nanofibers on 316 L stainless steel

S. Jayachitra, S. Mohandoss, L. Sakayasheela, and S. Suja

Department of Chemistry, S.A. Engineering College, Chennai, India

E-mail: jayachitras@saec.ac.in

Received: 16 December 2025  Accepted: 18 April 2026

Abstract:

Biomaterials and tissue engineering are crucial in wound healing and replacement surgeries. In this study, a synergistic composite coating was developed on 316 L stainless steel by integrating electrophoretically deposited nanohydroxyapatite (nHAP) with electrospun polymer nanofibers. The nHAP layer provided a bioactive, mineral-rich interface mimicking natural bone, whereas the polymer nanofiber mat enhanced mechanical stability, controlled degradation, and improved cellular attachment. Comprehensive characterization through hardness testing, FTIR, XRD, and SEM confirmed the structural integrity, molecular interactions, and morphological features of the fabricated scaffolds. Microstructural analysis confirmed uniform deposition and strong interfacial bonding between the two coating layers. Electrochemical testing demonstrated significantly improved corrosion resistance compared to uncoated substrates. In vitro assays revealed enhanced osteoblast adhesion and proliferation, highlighting the coating’s cytocompatibility. The combined approach leverages the strengths of both ceramic and polymer components, offering a promising surface modification strategy for next-generation orthopedic implants aimed at improving long-term integration and functional outcomes.

Keywords: Biomaterials; Poly vinyl alcohol; Collagen; Electrospinning; 316L stainless steel; Nano HAP

Full paper is available at www.springerlink.com.

DOI: 10.1007/s11696-026-04926-y

Chemical Papers 80 (8) 8925–8938 (2026)